𝐁𝐚𝐜𝐤𝐡𝐚𝐮𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐑𝐀𝐍

 𝐁𝐚𝐜𝐤𝐡𝐚𝐮𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐑𝐀𝐍 

- ran is Radio Access Network

- it refer to the part from the mobile network thats responsible to transferring traffic to aggregation and core netw

- RAN support variety of mobile generations like GSM , WCDMA , LTE and 5G

- RAN has alot of types due to network moderanization like virtual ran and open ran

- backhauling means transfer the user traffic from ran through microwave links as an example towards core

- so we can consider microwave links installed and connected towards BSC , RNC , SGW MME is part of the backhaul network

- legacy TDM network was the traditional way to backhaul the traffic

- TDM works wuth PDH / SDH Transmission protocols

- usually 2G use pdh traffic and 3G use ATM over E1 ( pdh too )

- 4G & 5G use Ether Traffic over IP

- some countries shutdown GSM network and some others shutdown 3G , some countries use volte to transmit voice over 4G network

- currently we are focusing on full ip moderanization for site

- full ip means transfering all ran traffic over packets , we can use routers with fiber to support higher capacity instead of microwave links

- pdh no longer needed then we have to dismantle E1 links and we can connect router instead of microwave links

- in case of we still use 2G for voice calls , we can shutdown 3G and use SIU or TCU cards to convert E1s to be over packets

- then the architecture will be full ip , we will connect 2G to SIU card from E// as an example then to the router , 4G and 5G also connected to the router

- contact me if you need to master Microwave Tx , Optical WDM OTN & IP Transmission with practical courses